Public violence involves committing violence in a group in public against persons or property. This offence is specifically criminalised due to the heightened threat and intimidation emanating from group violence.
Definition of Public Violence
According to Article 141 of the Dutch Criminal Code, it is punishable to commit violence openly and in a group against persons or goods. The conditions are:
- Openly - The violence takes place at a publicly accessible location
- In a group - At least two persons are involved
- Violence - Directed against people and/or property
Examples in Zoetermeer
- Group fights after an event in the Stadshart
- Disruptions and violence during demonstrations in the area around the Town Hall
- Nightlife violence by young people in the Dorpsstraat
- Vandalism by a group in shopping areas such as the Woonhart
- Incidents during sports matches on local fields
Possible Penalties
- Standard offence: Up to 4 years and 6 months' imprisonment
- In case of serious injury: Up to 6 years' imprisonment
- In case of death as a result: Up to 9 years' imprisonment
Participation in Violence
It is not necessary that you yourself have used physical violence to be punishable. Active involvement in the violent situation, such as encouraging or supporting, already makes you punishable.
Difference from Assault
Assault involves violence by one individual, whereas public violence revolves around group dynamics. Both charges can be brought simultaneously.
Group Liability
In the case of violence by a group, it is often difficult to determine who did what. The law therefore provides that participation in the group itself is punishable, regardless of the specific role of an individual.