Adoption is a legal procedure whereby a child legally becomes the offspring of the adoptive parents, while the bond with the biological parents is terminated.
What does adoption entail?
Adoption means that a child is legally considered the child of the adoptive parents. This entails:
- The child acquires the same rights as a biological child
- The legal bond with the original parents lapses
- The child may take the family name of the adoptive parents
- The child becomes an heir of the adoptive parents
Types of adoption
| Type of adoption | Description |
|---|---|
| International adoption | A child from another country is adopted |
| Domestic adoption | Adoption of a child within the Netherlands |
| Stepparent adoption | The partner adopts the child of his/her partner |
| Adoption of an adult | A major is adopted |
Conditions for adoption
Dutch legislation imposes strict requirements on adoption:
- Adoptive parents must be at least 18 years older than the child
- The child is usually a minor (with exceptions)
- The child must have lived with the adoptive parents for at least 1 year
- Adoption must be clearly in the best interests of the child
- Nothing more can be expected from the biological parents
Steps in the adoption procedure
- Information and preparation phase (for international adoption via Stichting Adoptievoorzieningen)
- Submission of a petition to the court
- Investigation by the Child Care and Protection Board
- The judge speaks with those involved (children from 12 years old included)
- The judge decides on the adoption
Who must give consent?
Approval is required for adoption from:
- The biological parents (if they have parental authority)
- The child, if 12 years or older
- The partner of the adoptive parent (if applicable)
May single persons adopt a child?
Yes, in the Netherlands adoption by single persons is permitted. For international adoption, however, additional conditions may apply from the country of origin.Is it possible to reverse an adoption?
In rare cases, an adoption may be revoked. This can only occur in exceptional circumstances and at the request of the child or the adoptive parents, with the judge deciding.Is there contact with the biological parents?
This varies per case. In an open adoption, contact is possible; in a closed adoption, not. Nowadays, a form of open adoption is often chosen.Frequently asked questions about adoption in Zoetermeer
What is the average duration of an adoption process?
An adoption procedure usually takes between 6 and 12 months, depending on the type of adoption. International adoptions may take longer due to additional formalities and international coordination. The investigation by the Child Care and Protection Board and the court proceedings often take several months. Ensure a complete file to avoid delays.
What does adoption cost in the Netherlands?
Costs vary by adoption type. Domestic adoption costs on average €1,500 to €5,000, mainly for legal fees and investigation. International adoption is more expensive (€10,000–€30,000) due to travel costs and foreign procedures. Stepparent adoption often costs €1,000 to €3,000. Inquire with the Child Care and Protection Board or an adoption agency for current costs.
Can I adopt if I already have my own children?
Yes, that is possible. The law does not limit the number of children in a family, but the Child Care and Protection Board assesses whether the adoption is in the interests of all children in the family. They look at space, time, and financial capacity. Involve your own children in the process to gauge their opinion and support.
What if the biological parents do not give consent?
If biological parents with parental authority do not give consent, the judge may substitute it. This only happens in cases of serious neglect or if the child has lived with the adoptive parents for a long time. The child's best interests always take precedence. This can make the procedure more complex and longer.
Does the child automatically get the surname of the adoptive parents?
No, this does not happen automatically. When submitting the petition, you can choose whether the child gets the surname of the adoptive parents or retains the original name.
Contact and support in Zoetermeer
For legal assistance, you can go to the Juridisch Loket Zoetermeer. Adoption cases are handled by the District Court of The Hague, under which Zoetermeer falls. Contact these agencies for specific questions.